The fifth lesson

The fifth lesson
Eclipse and lunar eclipse Will speak in this lesson about the most important phenomena in the universe with Flakitin said roads equations and calculations required for this lesson
Please note that we in our book astronomy legitimate that we published recently we have been immune to the phenomena of solar and lunar eclipses Thmissa full and reminded us more accurate methods and equations to figure out that in addition to the program code SourceForge open his output eclipses any time until / 3000 year, supported by dozens of illustrations and added him all the tables relating to the Year / 3000 BC to the year / 3000 after Birth

Moon:
Opaque body dragging behind him in his movement around the Earth cone of shadow from the sun respect to its length dimension of the moon from the sun. The eclipse occurs when the moon is between the earth and the sun at the moment of the meeting or the pairing (ie, when the moon is Mhaka) in the ninth day of the twenty or thirty of the lunar month, the moon Faaatard sunlight Faihjbh us totally or partially. The type of the eclipse on the distance of the moon from Earth when the moon is at perigee (ie close to the ground) Whenever reached the top of the cone shade to the earth will be the eclipse entirely for all land areas within the cone and the areas where the eclipse entirely narrow ratio of 1: 12,000 of the total surface of land, but because of the rotational motion of the Earth with the movement of the moon extends the transitional cone shade in fact the capacity more than that. And when the moon is at apogee (ie, far from the land) does not reach the top of the cone shade to the ground do not get total eclipse of any point of the earth and for the point placed on the axis of the cone be apparent diameter of the sun greater than the apparent diameter of the moon and then see from this point on the edge of the sun is composed loop luminous disk around the moon and the so-called annular eclipse. At the time of the eclipse total or annular for some areas of the Earth's surface, it would be a partial eclipse for many other areas up god semi-shade, and that due to the small size of the moon, these areas can not be watching them only part of the sun is small whenever such areas close cone shade.
And starts the eclipse by the sun west because the moon revolves around the earth from west to evil s any that cone moon's shadow moving on the surface of the earth from west to east, so the population of Western countries were the first to see the beginning of the eclipse of the sun and the Eastern countries last of see the end.

Lunar eclipse:
Earth also opaque body and half dark permanently in movement around the sun dragging behind a cone of shadow from the sun respect to its length dimension of the earth from the sun.
The eclipse occurs when the Earth between the moon and the sun at the moment of reception (ie, when the moon is full) on the night of the fourth or fifteenth of the lunar month, the Earth's shadow is located on the conical face of the moon Faihjb sunlight him entirely or partially.
It consists Earth's shadow, which crossed the moon when Khosovh from the central part of the Mediterranean (a conical) intense blackness and called shade, and around-called semi-shade or (arching) and when confined to the moon is not Ankhsv eclipse real but happen to him what astronomers call (combustion), a semi-lunar eclipse does not you see the naked eye.
The lunar eclipse seen from all spots where above the horizon and the eclipse begins on the eastern side of the moon because the moon revolves around the earth from west to east, so the residents of the Eastern countries see the eclipse in its infancy and Western countries are watching the end.




Terms and occurrence of eclipses:
If the level of the moon's orbit is applicable at the level of orbit the sun (ie, the circuit Eclipsing) the impact of the eclipse is always the sun at every meeting or coupling and also the impact of the eclipse of the moon is always in every reception, but because of the tendency moon's orbit about the Earth's orbit by 5 degrees and 8 minutes almost comes often that in meeting time the moon's shadow cone passes above or below the Earth does not get an eclipse of the sun as well as in the time of the reception cone of Earth's shadow passes above or below the moon gets no eclipse of the moon.







It is even versa When the sun after all nodes of a meeting time is less than 15 degrees and 20 minutes and display the moon
(Ie, after all orbit the Sun) is less than one degree and 24 minutes and 10 seconds needed an eclipse and be impossible if it was after the sun for a two nodes more than 18 degrees and 36 minutes and show the moon is greater than one degree and 32 minutes and two seconds, and between these two Almekdarin may be an eclipse has Do not be required to be made ​​the account to make sure it happens or not.
When the distance of the moon for a two nodes time reception is less than 9 degrees and 24 minutes and display the moon less than 52 minutes and 24 seconds necessary occurrence of eclipses and be impossible if after the moon for a two nodes more than 12 degrees and 24 minutes and the offer to the moon more than one degree and 3 minutes and 30 seconds, and between these two Almekdarin also may be a lunar eclipse may not be required to be made ​​the account to make sure it happens or not.
Does not happen in one year more than 7 incidents (eclipse and lunar eclipse), no less than if the two incidents got 7 incidents of which shall be 4 or 5 eclipses of the sun and 2 or 3 Khosova of the moon, and if the two incidents got an understanding of the sun.














The words of governing astronomer (When these are down in the sun ....) any homes that eclipses six homes, when the sun replaced one of these houses at the meeting on 29th or 30th of the month lunar eclipse of the sun, the moon, and when a solution of these homes in the reception the night of 14 or 15 of the eclipsed moon of the lunar month, and these homes are:
1- (status report and said to him Alfrg 0.2) the status of the front. 3) status Zuban. 4) status and swallowing Saad Suhail said to him. 5) the status of the town. 6) the status of the ventricle. The first and oldest of stood on the mention of this rule is to mark the astronomical Abdullah bin Omar Bamakhrama Alsabana Hadrami, as in the book (the trappings in capturing important of astronomy) to sign Mohammed bin Othman vertical and this book is still a manuscript library Ahqaf manuscripts in Trim (sing) in Hadramout . He found the people of the account as mentioned earlier that Eclipse does not count unless the moon was at the meeting and the eclipse does not occur unless the moon was in the reception and the position of the moon in eclipse or eclipse from orbit the sun does not exceed the amount of Qatar, the moon, and this condition is applicable perfectly with homes Eclipse eclipses mentioned above and therefore it inferred the time of the eclipse if the sun was at the meeting in one of these houses, as well as on the time of the eclipse if the moon was in the reception in one of these houses.
Since the calculation of homes and intermediate as come it must be noted that, if signed by the moon or the sun in one of these houses it requires the occurrence of the eclipse or eclipse but not Quahma (ie Alneryn) and my time meeting or reception in the homes of solar and lunar eclipses do not require necessarily deny the occurrence of the eclipse or eclipse because This rule is shown on a frequent and Quahma it also will come in later examples. A better site for this rule in detail with examples is stated to be after explaining accounts homes Alneryn
(Account status and the status of the sun and the moon coming up homes and the setting and the calculation of Sergeant), which will come soon, God willing, there is nothing wrong to mention two examples here:

The first example:
Solar eclipse on Wednesday August 11 1999 m meeting between Alneryn on Wednesday on 29 April 1420, corresponding to August 11, 1999 AD, which approves the first degree in the status of Saad swallowing (Sohail) By houses Cpamih the setting.
And account status Sun: 1 Saad swallowing +8 = 9 status Saad gulp and then calculate status after 14 and 14 is downloaded sergeant and sergeant here is the status of 9 ventricle permission on the sun eclipse on August 11, 1999 AD is like a ventricle, one of the homes of the eclipse.
The second example:
Thursday lunar eclipse on September 7, 2006 meeting of the year between Alneryn on Wednesday on 29 July 1427, corresponding to August 23, 2006 AD, which approves the first degree in the status of Saad Saud (Bariv) By houses Cpamih the setting. Reception on Thursday evening, on 14 August 1427, corresponding to September 7, 2006 AD, which approves third-class status of Saad Alokhbayh (tent) By houses Cpamih the setting. And account status Moon: status Saad Saud +30 = status after status report (Alfrg) permission on the moon eclipse on September 7, 2006 AD is like a report of homes eclipses.